Boston, Massachusetts · Apple Head Chihuahua
Patellar Luxation in Small Dogs: A Breeder's Guide
By Yulia Sky · July 7, 2026
As a breeder of boutique, small-breed puppies since 2019, one of the health topics I discuss most frequently with prospective owners is patellar luxation.My goal at World Class Puppies is to be completely transparent about these things, because a prepared owner is the best owner a puppy can have.
I’ve spent years working with veterinarians, studying pedigrees, and carefully selecting my parent dogs to produce the healthiest puppies possible. This guide is a collection of my firsthand experience.
Educational information only. This article is general Chihuahua owner education written by the World Class Puppies breeding program. It is not veterinary advice and has not been reviewed by a veterinarian. Vaccination, spay/neuter timing, diet and treatment decisions depend on the individual dog — please follow the guidance of your own licensed veterinarian.
Frequently asked questions
What are the grades of patellar luxation?
Patellar luxation is graded from 1 to 4. Grade 1 is where the kneecap can be manually pushed out of place but pops back in on its own. Grade 4 is a permanent dislocation that cannot be manually put back in place and typically requires surgery.
Can patellar luxation be prevented?
While it's largely a genetic and conformational issue, you can minimize risks by choosing a puppy from a reputable breeder who screens parents for the condition. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding high-impact activities, and using doggy stairs can also help manage the condition and prevent it from worsening.
How much does patellar luxation surgery cost for a small dog?
The cost can vary significantly based on your location, the veterinarian's specialty, and the severity (grade) of the luxation. Generally, you can expect costs to range from $1,500 to $4,000 per knee. This is why a good health guarantee and responsible breeding is so important.
Are Pomeranians good apartment dogs?
Yes, Pomeranians are excellent apartment dogs. Their tiny size, moderate exercise needs, and trainable nature make them perfectly suited for city living, from a small studio in Back Bay to a condo in the Seaport District. They are happy with short walks and indoor playtime.
Ready to meet your new puppy?
See currently available teacup puppies or reach out to join our waitlist.